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The Street railway journal (1894) (14755642451)
Summary
Identifier: streetrailwayjo101894newy (find matches)
Title: The Street railway journal
Year: 1884 (1880s)
Authors:
Subjects: Street-railroads Electric railroads Transportation
Publisher: New York : McGraw Pub. Co.
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Smithsonian Libraries
Text Appearing Before Image:
e by the consolidated system into thetreasury will amount to at least $110,000 per annum. Thispayment, however, is in lieu of all expenses for street pav-ing, except repairs which the company is required tomake whenever it tears up a pavement for any cause,but it is not required to furnish new material for pav-ing. The entire amount received from the street railwaycompanies is set apart in a fund to be applied to thecleaning and repairing of the streets wherein the tracksof such company exist. It is also required in the new conditions that a generalsystem of transfers be provided, so that when the exten-sions are completed transfers without extra charge will beissued at 125 points, including tripsin both directions. The extensions which are now in process of construc-tion will aggregate about sixty miles. The company isalso engaged in reconstructing most of the lines in thebusiness portion of the city, embracing about fifteen totwenty miles. This re-construction includes the horse car
Text Appearing After Image:
FIG 5.—CLOSED CAR—CINCINNATI STREET RAILWAY. tracks, and a considerable portion of the electrical con-struction on which a fifty-two pound girder was originallyemployed. Some of this construction has been in serviceonly about six years, but has failed to such an extent thatit was necessary to renew it. Other portions have been inservice for only a year or two, but with the requirementsfor new paving new rails are included, and the whole sys-tem is being rebuilt. In the process of construction the pavement is re-moved, and the surface excavated to a depth of twentyinches. The foundation is then rolled with a steam rollerhaving a weight of 250 lbs. per lineal inch of surface meas- ure. The oak ties, 6x7 ins., X 8 ft., with joint ties 6x12,are then placed with two foot six inch centers. The railsare then spiked direct to the ties and the tracks surfacedup and supported on wooden blocks. A foundation ofconcrete six inches in depth is then placed under the ties,and the space between th
The history of trams, streetcars or trolleys began in the early nineteenth century. The world's first horse-drawn passenger tramway started operating in 1807, it was the Swansea and Mumbles Railway, in Wales, UK. It was switching to steam in 1877, and then, in 1929, by very large (106-seats) electric tramcars, until closure in 1961. Horse Cars The first streetcar in America, developed by John Stephenson, began service in the year 1832 in New York. Harlem Railroad's Fourth Avenue Line ran along the Bowery and Fourth Avenue in New York City. These trams were a horse- or mule-powered, usually two as a team. It was followed in 1835 by New Orleans, Louisiana, which is the oldest continuously operating street railway system in the world, according to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Horsecars were largely replaced by electric-powered trams following the improvement of an overhead trolley system on trams for collecting electricity from overhead wires by Frank J. Sprague. Sprague spring-loaded trolley pole used a wheel to travel along the wire. In late 1887 and early 1888, using his trolley system, Sprague installed the first successful large electric street railway system in Richmond, Virginia. By 1889, 110 electric railways incorporating Sprague's equipment had been begun or planned on several continents. Steam Cars Trams were also powered by steam. The most common type had a small steam locomotive (called a tram engine in the UK) at the head of a line of one or more carriages, similar to a small train. Systems with such steam trams included Christchurch, New Zealand; Adelaide, South Australia; Sydney, Australia and other city systems in New South Wales; Munich, Germany (from August 1883 on), British India (Pakistan) (from 1885) and the Dublin & Blessington Steam Tramway (from 1888) in Ireland. Steam tramways also were used on the suburban tramway lines around Milan and Padua; the last Gamba de Legn ("Peg-Leg") tramway ran on the Milan-Magenta-Castano Primo route in late 1958. The other style of steam tram had the steam engine in the body of the tram, referred to as a tram engine (UK) or steam dummy (US). The most notable system to adopt such trams was in Paris. French-designed steam trams also operated in Rockhampton, in the Australian state of Queensland between 1909 and 1939. Stockholm, Sweden, had a steam tram line at the island of Södermalm between 1887 and 1901. Steam tram engines faded out around 1890s to 1900s, being replaced by electric trams. Cable Cars Another system for trams was the cable car, which was pulled along a fixed track by a moving steel cable. The power to move the cable was normally provided at a "powerhouse" site a distance away from the actual vehicle. The London and Blackwall Railway, which opened for passengers in east London, England, in 1840 used such a system. The first practical cable car line was tested in San Francisco, in 1873. Part of its success is attributed to the development of an effective and reliable cable grip mechanism, to grab and release the moving cable without damage. The second city to operate cable trams was Dunedin in New Zealand, from 1881 to 1957. The San Francisco cable cars, though significantly reduced in number, continue to perform a regular transportation function, in addition to being a well-known tourist attraction. A single cable line also survives in Wellington, New Zealand (rebuilt in 1979 as a funicular but still called the "Wellington Cable Car"). Another system, actually two separate cable lines with a shared power station in the middle, operates from the Welsh town of Llandudno up to the top of the Great Orme hill in North Wales, UK. As with all large collections on Picryl, this collection is made in two steps - first, we make a manual dataset, and then, ran 25+ Million public domain images through our neural network image recognition process.
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