Manichaean Diagram of the Universe (Detail 14)

Manichaeism was a religious movement founded by the prophet Mani in the 3rd century AD. It was a syncretic religion, drawing on elements of Zoroastrianism, Christianity and Buddhism. Manichaeism taught a dualistic cosmology, with a belief in a constant struggle between good and evil, light and darkness. Followers of Manichaeism believed in the existence of two opposing forces: the realm of light, associated with goodness and spirituality, and the realm of darkness, associated with evil and materiality. They also adhered to strict ethical guidelines and practised asceticism. Manichaeism spread widely throughout the ancient world, from the Mediterranean to China, and attracted a significant number of followers. However, it was eventually suppressed by various ruling powers, including the Roman Empire and the Sassanid Empire, and its influence declined over time. Today, Manichaeism is considered an extinct religion, but its influence can still be seen in various religious and philosophical traditions.