Mandala of Yamantaka-Vajrabhairava

Chinese K'o-ssu mandala of Yamantaka-Vajrabhairava. Yuan dynasty (1271–1368). Measures 96 5/8 x 82 5/16 in. (245.5 x 209 cm). Central Asian tapestry-weaving techniques and Indo-Himalayan imagery are here combined to stunning effect in this spectacular mandala, which was most likely used during an initiation ceremony at court. The donors at the bottom left are identified by Tibetan inscriptions as two of Khubilai Khan's great-grandsons: Tugh Temür, who reigned twice as emperor between 1328 and 1332, and his brother Khoshila, who reigned briefly in 1329. Their respective spouses are shown at the far right.