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Early automobiles - Konstantinov avto
Summary
Excursion to Krasnaya Polyana with Vasiliy Konstantinov, a member of the First Russian State DumaРусский: Участники экскурсии на озеро Кардывач. Красная поляна у дачи В.К. Константинова. Лето 1915 года. На снимке стоят (слева направо): сочинский врач Борис Петрович Кестер, Коля Штейп, Коля Гольдберг, Василий Константинович Константинов. Сидят (слева направо): Володя Штейп, Нина Самойленко, Мира Ильинична, Сергей Карлович Старк, Екатерина Павловна Дитятева. На переднем плане: сидят (слева направо): Михаил Иванович Куприянов, студент из Барнаула, шофер (стоит справа).
The automobile was first invented and perfected in Germany and France in the late 1890s. Americans quickly came to dominate the automotive industry after WWI. Throughout this initial era, the development of automotive technology was rapid. Hundreds of small manufacturers competing to gain the world's attention. Key developments included the electric ignition system, independent suspension, and four-wheel brakes. Transmissions and throttle controls were widely adopted and safety glass also made its debut. Henry Ford perfected mass-production techniques, and Ford, General Motors, and Chrysler emerged as the “Big Three” auto companies by the 1920s. Car manufacturers received enormous orders from the military during World War II, and afterward automobile production in the United States, Europe, and Japan soared.
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