Japanese anti-tank ditch on Butaritari

At Butaritari Island, Makin Atoll, the Japanese dug deep antitank ditches outside of their main defenses at the tank traps, with winding narrow roads leading into the outer edges. (Fig. 98.) The crossings were covered from antitank gun pits and machine gun nests.

Figure 98 from the Handbook On Japanese Military Forces.