Historiated initial 'D'(ixit) with David and a fool at the .. from BL Arundel 83, f. 40v

Historiated initial 'D'(ixit) with David and a fool at the beginning of Psalm 52. Image taken from f. 40v of Psalter and Book of Hours (the 'Howard Psalter and Hours') (Arundel 83 I) (ends imperfectly); including a calendar of uncertain East Anglian destination (ff. 6-11v), a liturgical Psalter with canticles, litany, and Office of the Dead (ff. 14-113v), and an incomplete Hours of the Passion (ff. 113v-116v). Written in Latin.

The depiction of David and a fool is a common theme in medieval art and literature, particularly in illuminated manuscripts and stained glass windows. In these scenes, King David is typically shown seated on a throne or playing a musical instrument, such as a harp, while a fool or jester stands nearby, often making a silly or comical gesture. The fool in these scenes is often depicted as a clown or a buffoon, dressed in brightly colored clothing and with a fool's cap or bells attached to his hat.

The inclusion of a fool in scenes depicting King David can be interpreted in several ways. In some cases, the fool serves as a symbol of foolishness or worldly wisdom, contrasting with the wisdom and goodness of King David. In other cases, the fool may represent the common people or the lower classes, highlighting the king's authority and power. The fool may also be used to add a touch of humor to the scene, or to serve as a reminder of the transience of worldly affairs.

Overall, the depiction of David and a fool reflects the medieval fascination with the contrasting themes of wisdom and foolishness, power and authority, and the fleeting nature of worldly things.

David was a skilled musician and poet, and he played the harp to soothe King Saul when he was tormented by evil spirits. David's musical abilities and his role as a psalmist also led him to be associated with the worship of God and with the expression of devotion and praise. The image of David playing the harp remains a symbol of the connection between music, worship, and devotion in Western tradition.

The Arundel Manuscript Collection was amassed by the Howard family, particularly Thomas Howard, the 2nd Earl of Arundel (1585-1646). Thomas Howard, the 2nd Earl of Arundel, who was a prominent figure during the early 17th century in England. Thomas Howard enjoyed a close relationship with King Charles I, and this connection allowed him to expand his collection. The king was granting him privileges to purchase manuscripts and books, and the collection grew in size and importance.

The English Civil War and the execution of King Charles I had a significant impact on Thomas Howard's life. During the war and the Commonwealth period, his collection faced threats of dispersion and destruction. Howard managed to protect many of his books and manuscripts by sending them abroad for safekeeping. After the restoration of the monarchy in 1660, the collection was returned to the Howard family.