quadrans horarum - A drawing of a bird sitting on top of a map

Approximately 2000 B.C., Babylonian astrologers believed that the Sun, Moon, and the five planets known at that time (Jupiter, Mars, Mercury, Saturn, and Venus) possessed distinct powers. Mars, for example, appeared to be red and was associated with aggression and war. Astrology was inherited by the Greeks from Babylonians around the 4th century B.C.Through the studies of Plato, Aristotle, and others, astrology came to be regarded as a science. It was embraced by the Romans and the Arabs. The zodiac (which is derived from the Greek word meaning "circle of animals") is believed to have developed in ancient Egypt and later adopted by the Babylonians. Early astrologers knew it took 12 lunar cycles (i.e., months) for the sun to return to its original position. They then identified 12 constellations that they observed were linked to the progression of the seasons and assigned them names of certain animals and persons (in Babylonia, for example, the rainy season was found to occur when the Sun was in a particular constellation which was then named Aquarius, or water bearer). Each of these four groups is inscribed in its own quadrant, or group of "houses," on a circle. The division of the 12 houses is based on Earth's daily rotation and relates to such circumstances as relationships, finances, travel, etc. The division of the 12 signs of the zodiac is based on the earth's year-long rotation around the Sun and relates to character traits and areas of life.

Kabbalah developed within Judaism, and kabbalists often use classical sources held by Judaists to explain the inner, real meaning of the Bible and Rabbinic sources. Regardless of Kabbalah's definition, it is an integral part of Judaism, Christian, New Age, and Occultist western esoteric religious systems. For centuries, Kaballah was a concealed teaching. The study of Kabbalah was available only to Jewish scholarly comprising of married Jewish men over the age of forty, and forbidden to all others. This tradition of hidden knowledge existed until 1960s when it started to be popularized by some of the teachers.

Rennaisance Cosmography, Astronomy, and Astrology Images and Diagrams

• Ars Magna Lucis et Umbrae - BibliOdyssey
• Ars Magna Lucis et Umbrae - bibliodyssey2lj - LiveJournal
• 127 Athanasius kircher Images: PICRYL - Collections - GetArchive
• 127 Athanasius kircher Images: PICRYL - Collections - GetArchive
• Simbologia - Pinterest
• 2008-08-31 - BibliOdyssey
• Schweizer Reisläufer und Dirne, 1516, by Urs Graf - Art - Pinterest
• 26 Polymath Images: PICRYL - Public Domain Media Search ...
• 24 Athanasius kircher, Ancient science Images - PICRYL
• 43 Kircher Images: PICRYL - Public Domain Media Search Engine ...