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The Street railway journal (1902) (14575016138)
Summary
Identifier: streetrailwayjo201902newy (find matches)
Title: The Street railway journal
Year: 1884 (1880s)
Authors:
Subjects: Street-railroads Electric railroads Transportation
Publisher: New York : McGraw Pub. Co.
Contributing Library: Smithsonian Libraries
Digitizing Sponsor: Smithsonian Libraries
Text Appearing Before Image:
over 1 in. of the middleof the fuse is melted away when a heavy short-circuit isopened, and very little smoke results. tion, which is practically fireproof, being substituted forthe wood. Fireproof paint has also been used whereverpracticable. OPEN CARS The proposition to run open cars on a railway elevatedfor its entire length was one to which the managers of theManhattan Railway Company gave considerable thoughtbefore a decision was finally reached. The cars haveproved very popular, however, and by the system adoptedof closing all the entrances before the car starts no troublehas been experienced in the way of accidents to pas-sengers. The general dimensions of the open cars are as follows: Feet Inches Distance between center of trucks 33 2 Distance between wheels of each truck 5 o Diameter of truck wheels 2 6 Length of car body on center line over end-plates. ... 47 1 Width over side sills 8 6 Height of platform over top of rail 3 Height of center of draw-bar over top of rail 2 4^
Text Appearing After Image:
STANDARD OPEN CAR, MANHATTAN RAILWAY There has been so much talk during the past year in re-gard to the danger from fire of elevated cars that it is grati-fying to know the Manhattan Company has so installedthe electrical apparatus and wires that the fire risk hasbeen reduced to a minimum. The wires themselves beingmuch more likely to cause fire than the apparatus,especial attention has been given to this part of the equip-ment. The insulation of the leads to the cast-grid resist-ance boxes has been removed between the resistance boxand just below the floor. It was not thought advisable toremove the insulation from the leads to the contactors, so,instead of removing the insulation, an asbestos hose hasbeen slipped on over the insulation. Asbestos cloth tape3 ins. wide has also been used to wrap the cables.The bottom of the car and any place where there is anypossibility of an arc has also been thickly covered withabestos sheeting. The same precautions have been usedwith the motor equi
The history of trams, streetcars or trolleys began in the early nineteenth century. The world's first horse-drawn passenger tramway started operating in 1807, it was the Swansea and Mumbles Railway, in Wales, UK. It was switching to steam in 1877, and then, in 1929, by very large (106-seats) electric tramcars, until closure in 1961. Horse Cars The first streetcar in America, developed by John Stephenson, began service in the year 1832 in New York. Harlem Railroad's Fourth Avenue Line ran along the Bowery and Fourth Avenue in New York City. These trams were a horse- or mule-powered, usually two as a team. It was followed in 1835 by New Orleans, Louisiana, which is the oldest continuously operating street railway system in the world, according to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. Horsecars were largely replaced by electric-powered trams following the improvement of an overhead trolley system on trams for collecting electricity from overhead wires by Frank J. Sprague. Sprague spring-loaded trolley pole used a wheel to travel along the wire. In late 1887 and early 1888, using his trolley system, Sprague installed the first successful large electric street railway system in Richmond, Virginia. By 1889, 110 electric railways incorporating Sprague's equipment had been begun or planned on several continents. Steam Cars Trams were also powered by steam. The most common type had a small steam locomotive (called a tram engine in the UK) at the head of a line of one or more carriages, similar to a small train. Systems with such steam trams included Christchurch, New Zealand; Adelaide, South Australia; Sydney, Australia and other city systems in New South Wales; Munich, Germany (from August 1883 on), British India (Pakistan) (from 1885) and the Dublin & Blessington Steam Tramway (from 1888) in Ireland. Steam tramways also were used on the suburban tramway lines around Milan and Padua; the last Gamba de Legn ("Peg-Leg") tramway ran on the Milan-Magenta-Castano Primo route in late 1958. The other style of steam tram had the steam engine in the body of the tram, referred to as a tram engine (UK) or steam dummy (US). The most notable system to adopt such trams was in Paris. French-designed steam trams also operated in Rockhampton, in the Australian state of Queensland between 1909 and 1939. Stockholm, Sweden, had a steam tram line at the island of Södermalm between 1887 and 1901. Steam tram engines faded out around 1890s to 1900s, being replaced by electric trams. Cable Cars Another system for trams was the cable car, which was pulled along a fixed track by a moving steel cable. The power to move the cable was normally provided at a "powerhouse" site a distance away from the actual vehicle. The London and Blackwall Railway, which opened for passengers in east London, England, in 1840 used such a system. The first practical cable car line was tested in San Francisco, in 1873. Part of its success is attributed to the development of an effective and reliable cable grip mechanism, to grab and release the moving cable without damage. The second city to operate cable trams was Dunedin in New Zealand, from 1881 to 1957. The San Francisco cable cars, though significantly reduced in number, continue to perform a regular transportation function, in addition to being a well-known tourist attraction. A single cable line also survives in Wellington, New Zealand (rebuilt in 1979 as a funicular but still called the "Wellington Cable Car"). Another system, actually two separate cable lines with a shared power station in the middle, operates from the Welsh town of Llandudno up to the top of the Great Orme hill in North Wales, UK. As with all large collections on Picryl, this collection is made in two steps - first, we make a manual dataset, and then, ran 25+ Million public domain images through our neural network image recognition process.
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