Gilles Louis Chretien - Portrait of Mr. Cowper of America, to right

Born in Paris, Chretien began his career as a cellist, playing in various orchestras throughout the city. However, he is perhaps best known for his work as an engraver, particularly in the field of optics. Chretien's most significant contribution to optics was the invention of the anamorphic lens, which allowed the projection of distorted images that could be corrected by viewing them through a special cylindrical mirror. This technology was used in the development of early cinema, and Chretien's name is still associated with the anamorphic format used in modern films. In addition to his work in optics, Chretien also produced a number of engravings and illustrations, including portraits and scenes from classical mythology. He died in Paris in 1811 at the age of 57.